New Report: Phase 2 Findings of the NYS Recycling System Needs Assessment
The Center for Sustainable Materials Management (CSMM), in partnership with RRS, has released a new report, Current Recycling Systems in NYS: Residential, Commercial, and Facilities Analysis, offering the most comprehensive look at recycling infrastructure across New York State, to date. This report is part of a broader Recycling System Needs Assessment commissioned by the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation. The ongoing study examines the state’s collection, transportation, and recycling systems for residential, commercial, and institutional materials. The final deliverable, which is expected in summer 2026—will build on these findings and help guide efforts to reduce waste, improve recycling access, and support New York’s circular economy and climate goals.
The data in the Phase Two report show that New York has a strong foundation to build on. Nearly every household has access to recycling, and most programs collect a wide range of materials. But the data also points to clear challenges: packaging and paper products are being recycled at a rate of just 30 percent.
“This is the first time we’ve had a clear, data-driven picture of who has access to recycling services, what it costs, and how local systems compare,” said Kathryn Walker, Executive Director of CSMM. “Recycling is critical infrastructure, just like roads or broadband. This report provides the tools and information local and state leaders need to improve recycling systems and meet our state’s climate and equity goals.”
Developed by RRS, the study draws from planning unit interviews, commercial and residential surveys, facility visits, and a review of recycling-related regulations. The result is a detailed snapshot of how recycling operates across the state, and where improvements are most needed.
Among the findings: 97% of New Yorkers have curbside recycling service, and more than half of those residents live in New York City. Statewide, 87% of multi-family households have recycling services available, however, access outside the city drops to 48%. Although about 76% of packaging and paper products generated could be recycled through existing curbside programs, only 30% are currently recovered. And while more than half of planning units have staff focused on outreach and education, municipalities spend just $1.12 per household on these efforts—well below the recommended $10 per household.
“We are pleased to be part of this in-depth analysis of New York’s recycling programs and infrastructure,” said Resa Dimino, Managing Principal at RRS. “A solid base of data is essential for good decision-making, and we hope this work gives policymakers and program managers the information they need to build a world-class recycling system.”
With this new data, the hope is that local governments, state agencies, policymakers, and businesses can make more informed decisions that advance climate resilience, material recovery, and environmental justice. But the report also makes clear: real recycling progress will depend on stronger collaboration between government, the private sector, and communities across New York State.
